Principles of The Process of Planning

The principles of the planning are:

1. Principle of the limiting factor: Accurate recognition of limiting factors to goal attainment leads to accurate selection of alternatives.
2. Principle of commitment: Planning time frame should be appropriate  to fulfill the commitments through a series of actions.
3. Principle of flexibility: Flexibility in planning lessens the losses of unexpected events. Advantages of flexibility should justify costs.
4. Principle of navigational change: Planning events and expectations should be checked periodically. Plans should be re-drawn to maintain a course toward the desired goal. (Periodically reviewing and rewarding plans). The planner should be a navigator.

Planning principles of commitment, flexibility and navigational change provide contingency approach to planning.